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Founded in 1935, Hewlett-Packard was known for their quality, professional electronic test equipment and signal generators.
In 1968, they introduced their first electronic computing device - the $4,900 HP-9100A desktop calculator.
Beginning in th early 1970s, HP released newer, more advanced systems to replace the aging and limited HP-9100A. These include the HP-9810A (model 10) in 1971, HP-9820A (model 20) in 1972, and the HP-9830A (model 30) in 1973.
The HP-9830A is the most powerful of the 9800 series of calculators. Calculators? Yes - most Hewlett-Packard documentation refers to the HP-9830A as a calculator - even the owners manual calls it a calculator. But the December 1972 Hewlett-Packard Journal (15MB pdf file from Hewlett-Packard Archive) declares "The BASIC-Language Model 30 can be Calculator, Computer, or Terminal. It has an alphanumeric keyboard like a teleprinter. Its language is BASIC. It can be used as a desktop computer or a remote computer terminal, yet it maintains the convenience and user interaction of a programmable calculator."
Additionally, according to HP.com, HP co-founder Bill Hewlett described the earlier HP-9100A: "If we had called it a computer, it would have been rejected by our customer's computer gurus because it didn't look like an IBM. We, therefore, decided to call it a calculator and all such nonsense disappeared."
The optional, matching HP-9866A Printer ($2,975) is a full page-width, high speed, thermal line-printer capable of printing up to 240 lines per minute with 80 characters per line. It obtains its incredibly high speed (4 lines per second) by utilizing a thermal print head that is a full 80 characters wide - it doesn't even move while printing. It prints one row of dots, the full page wide, all at once. The paper scrolls while printing to complete the characters.